The ancient and rare book collections are made of ca 5,000 works. Particularly important is the Medicean-Lorraine collection which includes those scientific texts collected over the course of the centuries by the two Tuscan dynasties and mostly concerning the physico-mathematical sciences.
Also of interest are the Omodeo A collection (pertaining to the natural sciences), the Rare and the Geology book collections.
The Landmarks of science microfiche and microfilm collection, with about 8,000 scientific texts of the past centuries, together with the ca. 1,000 works of the Ancient mathematics on cd-rom series, integrate the ancient holdings.
Over 4,000 ancient works, some of which are not owned by the library in the original printed edition, are available in digital version.
search the library catalogue