The essays included in the 68th volume of the Nuncius Library, originated by the collaboration of philologists and historians of science, try to suggest a new critical perspective on Seneca’s Naturales Quaestiones, no more considered a mere compilation by a moralist doxographer, but a complex intertwinement of scientific, philosophical and literary themes that, from antiquity to our days, never ceased to inspire the thought on ethic and the scientific research, and to enrich literary imagery.